How 'Black Death' pathogens survived in Europe

German Scientists have taken an important step forward in understanding "Black Death" that wrecked havoc in Europe hundreds of years ago.

According to scientists from Max Planck Institute (MPI) in Germany, the historical pathogens that brought deadly plague survived for more than four centuries in Europe, hiding in somewhere.

"It's a chilling thought that plague might have once been hiding right around the corner throughout Europe, living in a host which is not known to us yet," explained Johannes Krause, director of the department of archaeogenetics at the MPI.

For the study, scientists reconstructed complete pathogen genomes from victims of the Great Plague of Marseille (1720-1722).

They used teeth from plague pits in Marseille, and were able to access tiny fragments of DNA that had been preserved for hundreds of years.

"To our surprise, the 18th century plague seems to be a form that is no longer circulating, and it descends directly from the disease that entered Europe during the Black Death, several centuries earlier," explained computational analyst Alexander Herbig.

Great Plague of Marseille is believed to be the last outbreak of medieval plague in Europe.

Marseille, which was a big hub of trade in the Mediterranean, could have imported the disease from any number of places by ship and cargo.

"Our results suggest that the disease was hiding somewhere in Europe for several hundred years," said lead author Kirsten Bos in a paper that appeared in the journal eLife.

However, the geographical source of the disease could not be identified yet. she said.

Black Death, mid-14 century plague, is undoubtedly the most famous historical pandemic

Within only five years, it killed 30-50 percent of the European population.

Unfortunately it did not stop there. Plague resurged throughout Europe leading to continued high mortality and social unrest over the next three centuries.

"Future work might help us to identify the mysterious host species, its range and the reason for its disappearance," Krause added.

GTA 5 Map Is Getting Totally Re-Design in Minecraft

A group of gamers have decided to recreate the world of Grand Theft Auto V, block for block, within the world of Minecraft, and the results are pretty impressive.
This latest insane Minecraft creation comes from Youtube user N11ck, who decided to team up with a bunch of friends and rebuild the city of Los Santos, as well as the surrounding areas, from scratch.

Following is a clip the team recently put together called “GTA 5 In Minecraft Cinematic #1,” which sums up much of the work the team has pulled together so far. They began the project back in January of 2015, which means they've been plugging away on this daunting undertaking for a solid year at this point.

Impressive, sure, but I'm more curious to find out where these people find all of their free time. I can't imagine how long it must have taken to get all of this put together, even if you are working with a bunch of friends.

It's important to not that the team isn't making a world that looks like the game world of Grand Theft Auto V, but are instead building the entire map in a 1:1 scale. If it's in Rockstar's action game, it's appearing in this Minecraft version of the city. The whole shebang measures around 7,500 by 7,500 blocks and it includes Los Santos itself, as well as the mountainous region of the surrounding Blaine County.

My greatest accomplishment within Minecraft is a pretty spiffy little castle up on a hill, so seeing stuff like this always makes me wonder why I even bother. I look around and my creation, mind reeling at the amount of time and work that has gone into it, and then something like this GTA comes along and makes everything I've built look like a toothpick shanty by comparison.

5 Tips To Loss Weight Without Trying For IT

When most people think of losing weight, they see it as a huge list of foods you cannot eat and a long list of exercises that you must do every day as you carefully calculate your calorie intake to make sure that you’re on track. However, the truth is that by doing these 5 things, you can lose weight without even trying!

1. SHRINK YOUR PLATE SIZE

By using smaller plates, you will automatically eat less because you won’t be putting as much food on your plate. A recent study revealed that people who switched to plates that were just 9 to 10 inches in diameter were able to lose 18 pounds in a year!

2. DRINK BEFORE YOU EAT

About half an hour before you sit down for dinner, start drinking a 16-ounce glass of water. By drinking plenty of water before you eat, you will eat less since your stomach is full of water and the water will also help to make sure that your metabolism is working, which results in you burning more calories.

3. SWAP OUT UNHEALTHY FOODS

By making a few simple swaps with your food choices, you can cut your calorie count way down without any extra effort. For example, choosing almond milk instead of skimmed milk will cut down your calorie count from milk by about 75%. Choosing grapes instead of raisins will cut the count for that snack in half, and going with turkey patties instead of beef on your next burger night will reduce your calorie count by 50%. Not bad at all!

4. MOVE MORE

The more you move, the more calories you will be burning and the better you will feel, but this doesn’t necessarily mean going to the gym for 2 hours a day or waking up an hour early to go for a run. What it means is that you should take the stairs instead of the lift/elevator and park further away from the building. You’d be surprised at how many extra calories you will burn when you start to build movement into everything that you do.

5. EAT MORE OFTEN

It sounds like this would cause you to actually gain weight, but breaking up your normal 3 meals into 5 to 6 meals a day will actually help you lose weight. This is because when you eat a large meal, your body isn’t able to digest and instantly use all of the calories it takes in, which means storing some for fat. So, when you eat several smaller meals throughout the day, your body can use all of the energy from that meal and start working on your fat reserves until you get to the next small meal.

7 Year Old Girl Olivia Never Feel Tired,Hunger & Pain Due To Disorder

Olivia, seven, has a rare chromosome disorder that has left doctors and her family in awe.

She is thought to be the only person in the world who suffers from all three symptoms simultaneously.

Her mum, Niki, 32, said her condition is so rare, it didn’t even have a name.

She said: ‘She got run over and dragged down the street by a car and she didn’t complain.

‘She was dragged about ten car lengths down the road. It was horrendous, I don’t think it’s something I will ever get over.

‘I was screaming and all my other children were screaming as she ran out. But Olivia was just like, “What’s going on?”.

‘She just got up and started walking back to me.’

Niki said she first started seeing signs of her daughter’s condition when she was only a few months old.

4 Amazing Realities You Don't Know Before

DID YOU KNOW ?

1- You Can buy your very own hobbit home and have it shipped and intalled in less than a week. These prefabricated structure are made of natural materials, are eco-friendly, are designed to be placed under layers of sand, snow or soil, and allow you to grow fruits and vegetables on the roof

2- It's Frobidden to die in Longyearbyen,Norway. The town's only cemetery closed over 70 years ago because it's so cold that bodes previously buried their have never decomposed and some still carry traces of influenza virus that caused and epidemic in 1971.

3- All planets in our solar system can fit between the earth and moon with about 4000 km to spare.

4- Venezuela's Catatumbo River has 10-hour lighting storms for approximately 160 night a year, with lightning occuring an estimated 280 times an hour